Effect of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Patients Undergoing Uniportal Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

INTERVENTION: Intervention Group:transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation;Control Group:Sham auricular stimulation; CONDITION: postoperative nausea and vomiting PRIMARY OUTCOME: Incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting within 48 hours after surgery; SECONDARY OUTCOME: Incidence of PONV in different time intervals;Severity of PONV;Incidence of PCIA discontinuation due to PONV;Number and dose of rescue antiemetic medication uses;Number and dose of rescue analgesic medication uses;NRS pain score;Cumulative opioid consumption of PCIA;Quality of Recovery‐15 (QoR‐15) score;Time to first ambulation after surgery;Time to first flatus or defecation after surgery;Time to first oral intake after surgery;Duration of chest tube drainage;Length of hospital stay;Patient satisfaction score for PONV management; INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. Voluntarily signed informed consent; 2. Aged 18 to 75 years (inclusive), regardless of gender; 3. Patients scheduled for elective uniportal video‐assisted thoracoscopic partial pulmonary resection under general anesthesia (including thoracoscopic wedge resection, thoracoscopic segmentectomy, and thoracoscopic lobectomy); 4. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification I–III; 5. Body mass inde X(BMI) between 18 and 30 kg/m²; 6. Apfel simplified risk score >=2 (based on four predictors: female gender, history of PONV and/or motion sickness, non‐smoking status, and expected postoperative opioid use; each predictor is assigned 1 point, and the total score is calculated); 7. Postoperative use of intravenous patient‐controlled analgesia (PCA) pump.