Resistance Training, Nano-Curcumin and Insomnia

INTERVENTION: Intervention 1: Intervention group 1: Evening resistance training plus nano‐curcumin supplementation. Resistance training perform three sessions per week for 12 weeks that were conducted between 17:00 and 19:00. Each session included a 5–10‐minute warm‐up followed by si Xexercises that include back squat, Romanian deadlift, bench press, seated row, shoulder press, and abdominal plank hold. Training intensity is 60% 1RM in weeks one to three ; 65% 1RM in weeks four to six; 70% 1RM in weeks seven to ninth; and 75% 1RM in weeks ten to twelve. Each resistance session include 3 sets with 8‐12 repetition with 90‐120 seconds rest intervals. Also, participants consume nano‐curcumin (Exir Nano Sina Company, Iran): 40 mg twice daily (80 mg in total) in morning (after breakfast) and evening (one hour before habitual bedtime) for 12 weeks. Intervention 2: Intervention group 2: Combined evening resistance training plus placebo supplementation. Resistance training perform three sessions per week for 12 weeks that were conducted between 17:00 and 19:00. Each session included a 5–10‐minute warm‐up followed by si Xexercises that include back squat, Romanian deadlift, bench press, seated row, shoulder press, and abdominal plank hold. Training intensity is 60% 1RM in weeks one to three ; 65% 1RM in weeks four to six; 70% 1RM in weeks seven to ninth; and 75% 1RM in weeks ten to twelve. Each resistance session include 3 sets with 8‐12 repetition with 90‐120 seconds rest intervals. Also, participants consume capsules contained inert microcrystalline cellulose (Barij Essence Pharmaceutical Company, Kashan, Iran) that were identical in appearance and packaging to active capsules; taken twice daily (morning and evening) for 12 weeks. Intervention 3: Intervention group 3: Nano‐curcumin suppleme CONDITION: Insomnia Disorder. ; Sleep disorders not due to a substance or known physiological condition PRIMARY OUTCOME: Total score of insomnia severity index. Timepoint: At baseline before randomization and at week12 after completion of the intervention. Method of measurement: Insomnia Severity Index questionnaire. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Male university students aged 18–25 years Insomnia Severity Inde Xscore = 10 Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inde Xglobal score = 5 Clinician‐confirmed diagnosis of Insomnia Disorder according to DSM‐5 criteria with difficulty initiating sleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, and/or early morning awakening occurring = 3 nights per week for = 3 months Presence of clinically meaningful daytime impairment including fatigue, mood disturbance, or cognitive or academic dysfunction No participation in structured resistance training within the previous 6 months Maintenance of regular daytime schedules and stable living conditions during the study period SECONDARY OUTCOME: Cortisol awakening response. Timepoint: Before intervention and after completing 12 weeks of intervention. Method of measurement: High sensitivity salivary enzyme immunoassay for cortisol. Creatinine‐normalized overnight urinary 6‐sulfatoxymelatonin. Timepoint: Before intervention and after completing 12 weeks of intervention. Method of measurement: Enzyme linked immunoassay for urinary si Xsulfatoxymelatonin with creatinine normalization. Serum interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) concentration. Timepoint: Before intervention and after completing 12 weeks of intervention. Method of measurement: High sensitivity enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for serum interleukin six. Sleep efficiency. Timepoint: Before intervention and after completing 12 weeks of intervention. Method of measurement: Consensus Sleep Diary core version. Total sleep time. Timepoint: Before intervention and after completing 12 weeks of intervention. Method of measurement: Consensus Sleep Diary core version. Wake after sleep onset. Timepoint: Before intervention and after completing 12 weeks of intervention. Method of measurement: Consensus Sleep Diary core version.