The Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercise on Symptoms and General Well-being of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disorder with diverse symptoms impairing daily life and quality of life. Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) is a nonpharmacological technique to reduce symptoms and enhance well-being. This study evaluated the effects of PMR on MS-related symptoms (fatigue, sleep, depression, stress, pain) and overall well-being (quality of life, daily activities, self-esteem, self-efficacy). DESIGN: The study was designed as a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: Studies including adults (≥18 years) with MS who received PMR were reviewed (August 1, 2024-August 31, 2024). Literature searches were conducted in English and Turkish across EBSCO, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, TR Dizin, DergiPark, and YÖK Thesis. Data unsuitable for meta-analysis were narratively synthesized, standardized mean differences were calculated (P <.05), and the review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024597051). RESULTS: From 282 records, 10 studies with 671 participants were included. PMR showed consistent positive effects on symptoms and overall well-being in individuals with MS, with significant reductions in fatigue (P = .004) and pain (P < .0001). Some studies were not included in the meta-analysis due to methodological differences. CLINICAL RELEVANCE TO THE PRACTICE OF REHABILITATION NURSING: PMR can be effective in reducing fatigue and pain, and enhancing overall well-beingfor individuals with MS. CONCLUSIONS: PMR appears effective in reducing fatigue and pain, enhancing overall well-being, and can be useful as complementary nursing care for individuals with MS.