Honey- and Propolis-Based Agents in Dental Implantology: A Systematic Review of Antibacterial, Healing, and Osseointegration Effects

Honey and propolis, recognized for their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and wound-healing properties, have gained attention as potential adjuncts in dental implantology. This systematic review aimed to assess and summarize existing evidence regarding the antibacterial, healing, and osseointegration effects of honey- and propolis-based agents when used in dental implant therapy, and to evaluate their impact on implant success and survival. A systematic search was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines across the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases up to June 2025. Eligible studies included clinical trials, animal experiments, and in vitro investigations that utilized honey or propolis in procedures related to dental implants. Assessed outcomes encompassed implant success, antimicrobial activity, osseointegration, tissue healing, and biocompatibility. Risk of bias was evaluated using appropriate assessment tools, and the results were synthesized descriptively. Fifteen studies were included (3 clinical, 6 animal, and 6 in vitro studies). Honey and propolis demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus mutans, supported bone healing, reduced oxidative stress, and exhibited biocompatibility. Honey-based surface coatings enhanced antibacterial effects and osteogenic responses. Clinical studies have reported improvements in peri-implant parameters with propolis gels and toothpaste; however, the evidence remains limited, and most studies carried a moderate risk of bias. Overall, these agents exhibit promising antibacterial, healing, and osseointegration effects in preclinical research; however, their impact on dental implant outcomes remains uncertain, necessitating more robust clinical trials.