Immune Biomarkers for Predicting Complications After Liver Transplantation

This multicenter prospective observational study will evaluate immune biomarkers in adults undergoing liver transplantation. The study aims to describe how immune markers change before and after transplantation and to assess whether these changes are associated with complications such as infections, acute cellular rejection, and viral reactivation during the first year after transplantation. Blood samples will be collected before transplantation, on days 0, 3, and 7 after transplantation, and at months 1, 3, 6, and 12. Biomarkers evaluated will include cytokines, interferons, immunoglobulins, lymphocyte populations, monocyte HLA-DR, neutrophil CD64, functional immune assays, checkpoint molecules, and Torque Teno Virus. Clinical outcomes will be recorded prospectively. Biomarker results will be used for research purposes only and will not modify immunosuppressive treatment or other clinical decisions.