Zirconia-Reinforced Glass Ionomer Versus Injectable Giomer in Class V Restorations

This randomized controlled clinical trial aims to compare the clinical performance of zirconia-reinforced glass ionomer and injectable giomer restorations in Class V carious lesions among controlled type II diabetic against non-diabetics. One hundred Class V restorations will be allocated equally into four parallel groups according to restorative material and diabetic status. Clinical performance will be evaluated at baseline, 6, 12, and 18 months using the modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria. The primary outcome is restoration retention, while secondary outcomes include marginal adaptation, marginal discoloration, secondary caries, and postoperative sensitivity.