Autologous Nanofat for Treatment of Atrophic Scars

This prospective, randomized, split‐scar, within‐participant controlled clinical studywas conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of autologous nanofat injection in thetreatment of atrophic postburn and posttraumatic scars.Twenty participants with atrophic scars were included. Each participant had twocomparable scar areas suitable for split‐scar comparison. The two scar sites wererandomly allocated to either the experimental intervention or the control intervention,allowing each participant to serve as his or her own control.The experimental site received a single session of autologous nanofat injection followedby topical silicone gel application for 3 months. Autologous nanofat was prepared fromthe participant's own adipose tissue using the standardized study technique and injectedinto the assigned atrophic scar site. The control site received topical silicone gelalone for the same 3‐month period.Participants were evaluated at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months after treatment.Assessment included clinical history and physical examination, standardized digitalphotography, and evaluation using the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS).Patient satisfaction was assessed using a Likert satisfaction scale at follow‐up visits.Treatment‐related adverse events and local reactions were recorded throughout thefollow‐up period, including pain, erythema, edema, bruising, infection, pigmentationchanges, nodules, contour abnormalities, and other unexpected or clinically relevantevents.The primary objective was to determine whether the addition of a single session ofautologous nanofat injection to topical silicone gel resulted in greater improvement inatrophic scar characteristics compared with topical silicone gel alone. The primaryefficacy assessment was based on the change in POSAS score from baseline to 3 months.Because of the split‐scar design, comparisons between the nanofat‐treated and controlsites were performed within the same participant, thereby reducing the effect ofinterindividual variability in scar characteristics and healing response.