Dataset on the agronomic characteristics and combining ability of new parental lines in the two-line hybrid rice systems in Vietnam.

This article provides a dataset on the analysis of morphological characteristics and combining ability of some parental lines in the two line hybrid rice system in Vietnam. Four thermo-sensitive male sterile lines and seven pollen restorer lines were used in a Line x Tester mating system to produce twenty-eight hybrids. The parental lines were characterized on 14 agronomic traits in a completely random design experiment. The 28 hybrids were evaluated on 10 traits related to grain yield and morphology in a randomized complete block design experiment with three replications. A line x tester analysis was conducted to estimate the combining ability, genetic variance, and the contribution of parental lines to genetic variation in hybrids. This dataset is valuable for rice breeders in subtropical countries to orient the strategy for breeding of hybrid rice varieties with high efficiency.