Effects of resistance exercise in older Chinese Americans

INTERVENTION: Participants will be randomly assigned into two groups (1:1 ratio): the intervention group (resistance exercise group) or the control group (wait‐list control group), using the random number generator. The intervention group will receive a 12‐week resistance exercise training, while the wait‐list control group will not receive the exercise intervention. After completing the post‐test, the wait‐list control group will have an opportunity to receive a delayed intervention (the same 12‐week resistance exercise training as the intervention group), if desired. The 12‐week exercise intervention comprises upper‐extremity and lower‐ extremity progressive resistance training focusing on all major muscle groups. The exercise intervention will include 50‐min group exercise sessions, two times a week. Each exercise session consists of a warm‐up (10 min), resistance exercise training (30 min), and a cool‐down (10 min). Participants will be closely supervised by researchers and their blood pressure, heart rate, the intensity of exercise, and level of fatigue will be assessed during exercise sessions. CONDITION: Older adults' mobility, physical activity, cognitive function, and psychological well‐being ; Not Applicable PRIMARY OUTCOME: ; 1. Mobility measured using Short Physical Performance Battery and JAMAR® Hand Dynamometer at baseline and 12 weeks.; 2. Physical activity is measured using International Physical Activity Questionnaire at baseline and 12 weeks.; 3. Cognitive function is measured using Montreal Cognitive Assessment at baseline and 12 weeks.; SECONDARY OUTCOME: ; 1. General health measured using activities of daily living, overall stress and pain scales at baseline and 12 weeks.; 2. Depressive symptoms measured using Geriatric Depression Scale at baseline and 12 weeks.; 3. Stress measured using Perceived Stress Scale at baseline and 12 weeks.; 4. Social support measured using Lubben Social Network Scale at baseline and 12 weeks.; 5. Life satisfaction measured using Satisfaction with Life Scale at baseline and 12 weeks.; 6. Self‐perceived success measured using Flourishing Scale at baseline and 12 weeks.; INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. Age 60 or older (age 60 ‐ 89 years) 2. Self‐identifying as Chinese American 3. Able to speak Mandarin 4. Able to walk independently without assistive devices 5. Are not engaged in any resistance exercise programs during the 6 months prior to this study 6. Ability to follow verbal and visual instructions 7. Ability to give informed consent and complete the assessment battery