Useability of the robot ZORA in pediatric rehabilitation

INTERVENTION: The protocol of the study comprises 2 parts: Part 1 includes about 90 healthy typical children from the elementary school “De Vierklaver” in Temse, Belgium. Per grade (from kindergarten until the sixth year), about 10 children will be recruited at random. During physical education class every child will perform sets of exercises individually in four conditions: Condition A consisted of an exercise set demonstrated by a human (therapist). Condition B was similar to condition A but with music added. Condition C consisted of an exercise set demonstrated by the humanoid robot. Condition D was similar to condition C but with music added The sets of exercises are similar between conditions. In order to avoid a learning effect and prevent monotony, the sequence of movements was different in every condition. Each condition will last about 1‐2 minutes. The sets of exercises and music are age‐appropriate. After each condition the child will be asked whether they would want to perform the exercise again, and using a visual analogue scale they are asked how much fun they had. After all conditions they will be asked to order the conditions from the most fun to the least fun. The total testing time for one individual is estimated at 15 minutes. From the results it will be determined whether the different conditions (robot versus human & music versus no music) showed an effect on the motivation to perform the sets of exercises. Part 2 of the study takes place at the University hospital Ghent. Maximum 30 children with an oncological disorder in the same age range, which suffer from neutropenia, will be asked to perform the same exercise sets in the same conditions (the level of difficulty will be adjusted to the patient’s abilities). The same outcome parameters will be measured as in part 1. During the rehabilitation of these children, the humanoid robot will be present as well (for children to get used to the robot). After one week the same exercise sets and conditions will CONDITION: Childhood cancer with neutropenia (i.e. low concentration of neutrophils in the blood). ; Cancer INCLUSION CRITERIA: Children with cancer 1. 3 to 15 years old 2. Hospitalized at the pediatric cancer ward of the Ghent University Hospital 3. In neutropenia (i.e. low concentration of neutrophils in the blood) Children without cancer 1. 4 to 13 years old 2. In an elementary school in Flanders, Belgium (BS De Vierklaver, Temse) PRIMARY OUTCOME: Motivation, using Again Again table immediately after each exercise session. Three different aspects if motivation were measured:; 1.1. How many times does the participants want to repeat the exercise; 1.2. How much fun did they experience; 1.3. Compared to the other exercises, where do they rank this exercise; 2. Degree of fun experienced, assessed using the Smileyometer immediately after each exercise session.; The Smileyometer is a visual analogue scale based on a 1 to 5 Likert scale using smileys developed for children; 3. Most fun exercise session, assessed using the Funsorter once all exercise sessions were completed. ; Each child was asked to rank the conditions (A, B, C, D) from “least fun” (at the left of the grid) to “most fun” (at the right of the grid) on an empty grid