Evaluation of Emotional (Depression) and Behavioral (Nutritional, Physical Activity, Sleep) Status of Turkish Adults during the Covid-19 Pandemic Period.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate emotional (depression) and behavioral (nutritional behaviors, physical activity status, and sleep patterns) of Turkish adult individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic period. DESIGN: Cross-sectional online survey. The participants filled out a questionnaire (developed by using Google Forms) that contained descriptive characteristics, nutritional behaviors, sleep patterns, physical activity status, anthropometric measurements, COVID-19-related level of knowledge, and the questions of the CES-Depression Scale through e-mail or social media (WhatsApp). SETTING: Turkey. PARTICIPANTS: 120 adult individuals who completed an online survey between April and May 2020. RESULTS: It was determined that 29.1% of the individuals showed mild, 34.2% moderate, and 23.4% severe depression symptoms during the pandemic period. A significant relationship was found between gender, age and educational status, marital status, and depression levels of the individuals, respectively (χ2=35.292, χ2=103.46, χ2=24.524, χ2=86.208 p<0.05). The top three foods consumed most during the pandemic period are tea and coffee (66.6%), pastry (e.g. cake, cookie) (56.4%), and desserts (49.6%). During the pandemic period, 42.5% of the individuals stated that they slept more and 40.2% stated that there was no change in their sleep patterns. Daily physical activity durations were determined as 8.25±1.77 hours for sleep, 4.21±2.68 hours for lying down, 5.42±2.64 hours for sitting, and 6.16±4.82 hours for standing activities. CONCLUSION: It was determined that the individuals showed different levels of depression symptoms during the pandemic period. Especially carbohydrate food consumption increased, physical activity status and sleep patterns changed due to the increased time spent sitting and lying.