Evaluation of serum inflammatory markers in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus after intensive non-surgical periodontal therapy: a randomized clinical trial effects

The objective of this study was to compare the serological and clinical effects of two periodontal therapies in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and chronic periodontitis. 36 patients were analyzed, randomized into two groups: one group received intensive t of scaling and root planing (INT, n=18) and another received only supragingival scaling (SUP, n=18). The groups were evaluated for periodontal parameters and serum inflammatory markers before and after 6 months of periodontal treatment. The periodontal parameters assessed were: visible plaque (PI), gingival index (GI), suppuration (SUP), probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL). Blood samples were obtained for analysis of inflammatory markers and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). The inflammatory markers evaluated were: interleukin (IL)- 1 , IL- 2, IL -4, IL -5, IL -6, IL -7 , IL-8 , IL-10 , IL-12 , IL-13 , IL -17, granulocyte colony-stimulated factor (G -CSF), colony stimulating factor granulocyte-macrophage (GM -CSF), interferon - (IFN - ), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) , macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (MIP-1 ) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF- ) through a multiplex immunoassay (Bioplex). Both therapies resulted in improvement of almost all periodontal clinical parameters (p<0.05), with the exception of the NCI in SUP group. There was no significant difference for (IL )- 1 , IL- 4, IL -5, IL-10 , IL-13 , MIP- 1 and TNF- after treatment for both therapies (p>0.05). A significant reduction was observed in IL-6 (p=0.01), IL-12 (p=0.04) and MCP-1 (p=0.02) levels for INT group and in GCS- F levels for SUP (p=0.04) and INT (p=0.01) groups. The levels of IL-2, IL -7, IL-8 , IL-17, GM- CSF and IFN- were not detectable. The INT therapy has a beneficial effect in reducing serum levels of IL-6, IL-12 and MCP-1, in reducing PPD of deep sites and in attachment gain when compared to SUP therapy considering a period of 6 months...