Short-term effectiveness of dry needling on pain and ankle range of motion in athletes with medial tibial stress syndrome- a randomized control trial

IntroductionMedial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) is also called soleus syndrome because the resultant periostitis is localized to the medial insertion of the soleus muscle. This study explores the effectiveness of dry needling (DN) targeting soleus myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in managing MTSS. AimTo assess the impact of DN on pain reduction and ankle range of motion (ROM) improvement in athletes with MTSS. Study DesignThis randomized controlled trial (RCT) included 50 university-level athletes. (DN group = 25; control group = 25) MethodOutcome variables, pain, and ankle dorsiflexion ROM were measured using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and universal goniometer, respectively. The trial used statistical analyses like Wilcoxon rank test for within-group comparisons and Mann-Whitney U test for between-group comparisons. The trial was registered with the Clinical Trials Registry of India; CTRI/2023/10/058837. ResultThere were 24 Females (Age = 21.4 +/- 2.06) & 26 Males (Age = 20.5 +/- 2.35). DN significantly reduced pain in the intervention group from NPRS 7 +/- 1.30 to 2 +/- 0.87 (p < 0.001), but in the control group, the pain increased from NPRS 7 +/- 0.99 to 7 +/- 1.05 (p = 0.009). There was no improvement in ankle ROM. ConclusionDN effectively alleviated MTSS-associated pain in the short-term but was not effective in improving ankle ROM.