Effects of acupuncture on pain and function in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome: A randomized sham-controlled trial

Background: Subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) is the most common cause of shoulder pain. Acupuncture is a traditional medicine that is effective on pain. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of acupuncture treatment on pain, function, range of motion (ROM) and quality of life compared to sham acupuncture in patients diagnosed with SIS. Methods: A randomized, prospective, double-blinded, sham-controlled trial was conducted. In acupuncture group 40 participants received acupuncture treatment plus exercise therapy while in control group 40 participants received sham acupuncture plus exercise therapy. Primary outcomes included pain-rest, activity and night pain. Secondary outcomes included function [Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) and The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Score (Quick DASH)], ROM, and quality of life [The Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (WORC)] in patients with SIS. Results: Both groups had significant improvements for pain-rest, activity night pain scores, SPADI, Quick DASH and WORC after treatment and at the first month follow-up. Significant improvements were recorded in the acupuncture group for all ROM after treatment and at the first month follow-up while in control group only in passive internal rotation. Acupuncture group had better improvements for Quick DASH, WORC and all ROM parameters after the treatment, as well as for all parameters except pain-night and passive flexion at the first month follow-up. Conclusion: This study suggest that acupuncture treatment is a safe, effective and non-invasive treatment option in patients with SIS. Trial registration: The study protocol is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05794633).