Can Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy be Ommited in Mid-rectal Cancer: a Prospective, Observational, Non-inferiority Trial

The goal of this observational study is to learn about the oncologic outcome of omitting neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in cT2N+ and cT3Nx mid-rectal cancer without mesorectal fascia involvement. The main question it aims to answer is: Does upfront total mesorectal excision result in non-inferior 3-year disease-free survival when compared to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and total mesorectal excision in cT2N+ and cT3Nx mid-rectal cancer without mesorectal fascia involvement? Participants already taking both interventions as part of their regular medical care for rectal cancer will be recruited in a prospective database for 5 years.