The efficacy of electroacupuncture combined with a standard four-herb antiemetic formula in the prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by highly emetogenic chemotherapy

INTERVENTION: control group:Sham electroacupuncture treatment;experimental group:Electroacupuncture treatment; CONDITION: malignant tumour (including breast cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, etc.), regardless of molecular subtype or gender PRIMARY OUTCOME: Complete protection rate within 120 hours of receiving chemotherapy;TNF‐a; SECONDARY OUTCOME: The rate of no significant nausea 120 hours after receiving chemotherapy;Adverse events;Treatment adherence;Functional Living Inde X– Vomiting Scale (FLIE) score;CINV‐related subjective distress scores;Response rate within 120 hours of receiving chemotherapy;The rate of use of rescue antiemetic treatment within 120 hours of receiving chemotherapy;Quality of Life Questionnaire for Cancer Patients (QLQ‐C30) score;Severity of nausea and vomiting;Rate of no nausea 120 hours after receiving chemotherapy;Acute (0–24 hours), delayed (24–120 hours) and overall (0–120 hours) rates of absence of vomiting following chemotherapy;Proportion of patients with a VAS score of 0 mm for nausea 120 hours after receiving chemotherapy;GAS;CCK;IL‐6;MTL;IL‐1ß; INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. Confirmed by histopathology as a malignant tumour (including breast cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, etc.), regardless of molecular subtype or gender; 2. Aged 18‐80; 3. Patients scheduled to receive a highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) regimen and who are expected to complete at least one cycle of chemotherapy, including treatment‐naïve patients with early‐ or advanced‐stage disease, or patients with advanced‐stage disease who have received neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy more than three months prior to first‐line chemotherapy; the specific classifications of HEC regimens are as follows: (1) Anthracycline‐based regimens combined with cyclophosphamide: applicable to breast cancer, lymphoma, etc., such as doxorubicin/epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide (AC/EC regimen); (2) Platinum‐based regimens: Cisplatin monotherapy at a dose of >= 50 mg/m^2, or carboplatin AUC >= 4; applicable to lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal c