Artificial Intelligence-Based Automatic Recognition and Localization of Anatomical Sites in Colonoscopy

This study aims to develop, validate and evaluate an artificial intelligence-based system for real-time automatic localization of colorectal anatomical sites during colonoscopy and detection of colonoscopic inspection extent, so as to improve examination quality and the precision of lesion management. The hypothesis of this study is that a colonoscopic image recognition model built on deep convolutional neural networks can accurately extract intestinal anatomical features from endoscopic video frames. In prospective and retrospective independent validation cohorts, the artificial intelligence model is hypothesized to achieve an overall accuracy of no less than 85% for the multi-class anatomical site localization task across colonic segments, with an expected sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 85%. The model predictions are expected to be in high agreement with assessments by senior endoscopists, with an anticipated Kappa coefficient of 0.80. This will verify the technical feasibility and accuracy of deep learning-driven real-time anatomical localization during colonoscopy.