Efficacy of Vitamin D in Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment

Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a prevalent and debilitating sequela of stroke, posing a significant burden on patients and healthcare systems. Emerging evidence suggests that Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline and neuroinflammation. However, the therapeutic potential and underlying immunological mechanisms of Vitamin D supplementation in PSCI remain unclear. This study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of Vitamin D supplementation in improving cognitive function among patients with PSCI. The primary objective is to determine whether high-dose Vitamin D administration can significantly enhance cognitive performance compared to a placebo group. Secondary objectives include assessing the effects on serum inflammatory markers (such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10) and regulatory T cells (Tregs), thereby exploring the potential immune-modulatory pathways. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to receive either oral Vitamin D (e.g., 5000 IU/day) or an identical placebo for a duration of \[e.g., 6 months\]. Cognitive function will be assessed using standardized neuropsychological tests, including the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Blood samples will be collected at baseline and post-intervention to measure changes in immune-related biomarkers. The findings of this trial will provide critical evidence regarding the role of Vitamin D as a potential adjunctive therapy for PSCI and elucidate the connection between vitamin D status and post-stroke immune regulation.