Effects of Manual Acupuncture on Malondialdehyde Levels and State Anxiety Inventory Scores in Active Smokers: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

This study aims to evaluate the effects of a single session of manual acupuncture on oxidative stress and state anxiety in active smokers. Oxidative stress will be assessed using plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), while state anxiety will be evaluated using the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI). Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either manual acupuncture or sham acupuncture. MDA concentration and SAI scores will be assessed at baseline and 90 minutes after completion of the intervention. The study will also explore the correlation between changes in plasma MDA concentration and changes in SAI scores to assess the relationship between oxidative stress and state anxiety following the intervention.