The effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) on the collapsed lung during single-lung-ventilation in patients undergoing robot-assisted thoracoscopic esophageal resection: pulmonary complications, local and systemic cytokine production

INTERVENTION: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) to the collapsed lung during single‐lung‐ventilation versus no CPAP. CONDITION: Esophageal cancer ; Cancer ; Oesophageal PRIMARY OUTCOME: Local and systemic cytokine production. SECONDARY OUTCOME: 1. Pulmonary complications; 2. Ventilation time; 3. Intensive care unit (ICU) stay; 4. Hospital stay INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. Patients with resectable carcinoma of the esophagus or junction that will undergo robot‐assisted thoracoscopic esophago‐lymphadenectomy with gastric conduit formation 2. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification <4 3. Written informed consent