Morbility in cardiac anesthesia in the Carlos Andrade Marin Hospital during the year 2013

Introduction: general anesthesia in cardiovascular surgery is based not only on hypnosis, amnesia, neuromuscular blockade and analgesia; but must provide proper oxygenation, tissue perfusion, neurovegetative protection, acid base regulation, treat and prevent coagulopathy, thermic control, myocardic preserve, neurologic, renal and respiratory functions in order to keep homeostasis. Materials and methods: in this longitudinal descriptive observational trial, 114 patients who underwent cardiac surgery under general anesthesia were followed for 6 months. The median age of these patients was 55 with 26.32% morbidity and 17.54% mortality. Results: the most frequent surgeries were valvulopathies (52%) being the most common aortic stenosis; in second place congenital cardiopathies (24.67%), mainly trial communication, interventricular communication and patent ductus arteriosus. The two main co-morbilities were arterial hypertension (39%) and diabetes mellitus II (16%). 84% of patients had an ejection fraction of 55% and those with NYHA functional class III and IV had more risk of mortality OR 3.2 (p<0.05). 37.73% of patients received beta blockers before surgery with a protective effect OR 0.8 (p:<0.05). Conclusions: the time of extracorporeal circulation (EC) was less than 120 minutes in 23.32%, lengthier time of CEC showed a risk factor OR: 7 (p:<0.05). 25% of patients needed vasoactive and inotropic support. Only epinephrine reached statistical significance as a risk factor, nevertheless it could be because the number of patients that received this therapy was relatively small. All the groups, except nitroprussiade, had an OR>1. 85% of patients required transfusion with an OR 6.82 (p:<0.05) for postoperatory complications such as infection and bleeding.