Fish Oil and Multivitamin Study in Healthy Adults.

INTERVENTION: The current study includes three treatment arms and one control arm. Participants were instructed to consume the supplements daily over a 4 month period. To implement the high and low dose fish oil conditions, the fish oil capsules were separated in morning and evening containers. 1) High dose fish oil and active multivitamin ‐ Participants were instructed to consume 1 multivitamin capsule and 6 grams of fish oil daily. 2) Low dose fish oil and active multivitamin ‐ Participants were instructed to consume 1 multivitamin and 6 grams of oil consisting of 3 grams of fish oil and 3 grams of sunola oil daily. 3) High dose fish oil and placebo multivitamin ‐ Participants were instructed to consume 1 placebo multivitamin and 6 grams of fish oil daily. Composition of active fish oil and multivitamin. Active fish oil: Wild salmon Fish oil. The high dose fish oil condition contained 6 grams of fish oil equating to 480 mg of EPA and 480 mg of DHA daily. The low dose fish oil condition contained 3 grams of non active fish oil (sunola oil) and 3 grams of fish oil, equating to 240 mg of EPA and 240 mg of DHA daily. Active Multivitmin formulation: Retinyl Acetate 2500 IU d‐Alpha Tocopheryl Acid Succinate 24.2IU Thiamine Hydrochloride 30 mg Riboflavin 30 mg Nicotinamide 20 mg Pantothenic Acid 64 mg Pyridoxine Hydrochloride 30mg Cyanocobalamin 115mg Cholecalciferol 200 Iu Vitamin H 150 mcg Folic Acid 500 mcg Phytomenadione 60 mcg Ascorbic acid 165 mg Citrus Bioflavonoids Extract 20 mg Calcium Orotate 100 mg Magnesium Aspartate Dihydrate 100 mg Selenomethionine 65 mcg Molybdenum Trioxide 67.5 mcg Chromium picolinate 50 mcg Manganese Amino Acid Chelate 30 mg Ferrous Fumarate 16.01 mg Copper Gluconate 8.57 mg Potassium Iodide 196 mcg Zinc Amino Acid Chelate 75 mcg Ubidecarenone 2 mg Vaccinium Macrocarpon 800 mg Silybum Marianum 1500 mg Turnera diffusa Leaf Ginkgo Biloba 1000 mg Scutellaria Lateriflora 50 mg Vitis Vinifera 1000 mg Cynara Scolymus 100 mg Urtica Dioica 100 mg Cimicifuga Racemosa 200 mg Tagetes Erecta 100 mg Curcuma Longa 100 mg Withania Somnifera 500 mg Crataegus monogyna Fruit 100 mg Silica Colloidal Anhydrous 20 mg Bacopa Monnieri 50 mg Lecithin Powder ‐ Soy Phosphatidyl‐serine Enriched Soy 10 mg Spearmint Oil 2 mg Vaccinium Myrtillus Fresh Fruit 100 mg CONDITION: Age‐related cognitive decline in healthy individuals. Assess mood and general wellbeing in health individuals. Investigate the role of the cardiovascular system mediating cognitive performance. PRIMARY OUTCOME: Cardiovascular health which includes arterial stiffness and cerebral blood velocity. Arterial stiffness will be assessed using the SphygmoCor. Doppler ultrasound will be used to measure blood velocity. Cognitive performance. Reaction time and accuracy performance will be analysed across cognitive domains which include short and long term memory, working memory, attention and visual perception tasks. The Swinburne University Computerised Cognitive Battery (SUCCAB) will be implemented to assess these cognitive domains. Mood and general well‐being will be measured using a variety of measures which include the following: ; ‐ Beck Depression Inventory II ; ‐ Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ; ‐ General Health Questionnaire ; ‐ State and Trait anxiety stress scale ; ‐ Bond lader visual analogue scale ; ‐ Chalder fatigue scale ; ‐ Profile of Mood States. SECONDARY OUTCOME: Blood profiling which includes the assessment of inflammatory markers, red blood Omega‐3 states, Cholesterol and C‐reactive protein. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Healthy, non‐smoking individuals. Free from cardiovascular disease or diabetes. Free from neurological impediments. Not currently supplementing with any Omega‐3 or multivitamins. Not currently taking any medication.