Autologous Platelet Concentrate Bladder Injection for Refractory Overactive Bladder

Overactive bladder (OAB) is a common lower urinary tract disorder characterized by urinary urgency, usually accompanied by urinary frequency and nocturia, with or without urgency urinary incontinence, in the absence of urinary tract infection or other obvious local pathologic, metabolic, or neurologic causes. A subset of patients continue to have bothersome symptoms despite behavioral therapy and oral pharmacologic treatment, or are unable to tolerate medication-related adverse effects. Third-line treatments, including intradetrusor botulinum toxin injection and sacral neuromodulation, may be limited by invasiveness, potential adverse events, cost, or patient preference. Autologous platelet concentrate, commonly referred to as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), is prepared from the participant\'s own peripheral blood and contains concentrated platelets, growth factors, and cytokines. PRP has potential roles in tissue repair, inflammation modulation, and local neural regulation. This investigator-initiated, prospective, single-center observational clinical study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of bladder injection of autologous platelet concentrate in adults with refractory OAB. Approximately 50 participants will be recruited from the Department of Urology at The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. Participants will be followed for approximately 24 weeks, with assessments before treatment and at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. Outcomes include OAB symptom scores, bladder diary measures, quality-of-life questionnaires, and adverse events.