Effect of Yoga Exercises on Spinal Flexibility, Pain and Functional Disability in Women with Chronic Lumbar Disk Herniation: a Randomized Controlled Trial

INTERVENTION: General Exercises: Including classic abdominal and back exercises: : A 16 session's exercise program which lasted 8 weeks, twice per week, and 45 minutes per session. Intervention 1: Yoga exercises including 14 specific Yoga exercises: A 16 session's exercise program which lasted 8 weeks, twice per week, and 45 minutes per session. Intervention 2: General Exercises: Including classic abdominal and back exercises: : A 16 session's exercise program which lasted 8 weeks, twice per week, and 45 minutes per session. Rehabilitation Yoga exercises including 14 specific Yoga exercises: A 16 session's exercise program which lasted 8 weeks, twice per week, and 45 minutes per session. CONDITION: Chronic Lumbar Disk Herniation. ; Lumbar and Other Intervertebral Disc Disorders with Radiculopathy Lumbar and Other Intervertebral Disc Disorders with Radiculopathy M51.1+ PRIMARY OUTCOME: Angle of lumbar lordosis. Timepoint: Before intervention, 8 weeks after intervention. Method of measurement: Flexible ruler. Back pain. Timepoint: Before intervention, 8 weeks after intervention. Method of measurement: Visual Analogue Scale. Depression. Timepoint: Before intervention, 8 weeks after intervention. Method of measurement: Beck Depression Inventory II Questionnaire. Disability. Timepoint: Before intervention, 8 weeks after intervention. Method of measurement: The Oswestry Disability Index. Range of lumbar flexion. Timepoint: Before intervention, 8 weeks after intervention. Method of measurement: Modified Schober test. INCLUSION CRITERIA: INCLUSION CRITERIA: Radicular LBP for a period of at least 3 months; Participants aged over 18 and less than 80 years old; Appropriateness of exercise in accordance with clinical assessment; Patients who have not been contraindicated from doing exercise based on Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire; and Patients diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation by specialist and radiography. Exclusion criteria: Patients suspected or confirmed for serious spinal pathology; Suspected or confirmed for pregnancy; Spinal column surgery; Insufficient treatment; Using other therapeutic modalities during the study.