Perioperative Forced-Air Warming During Elective Cesarean Delivery Under Spinal Anesthesia

Spinal anesthesia impairs thermoregulation by inhibiting vasoconstriction andredistributing core heat to peripheral compartments. As a result, parturients undergoingcesarean delivery are at increased risk of peri‐operative hypothermia (<36°C). Even mildhypothermia is associated with shivering, increased oxygen consumption, and maternaldiscomfort.This prospective randomized controlled trial compared preoperative forced‐air warmingwith standard thermal care in term parturients undergoing elective cesarean deliveryunder spinal anesthesia.The study was conducted between June 2023 and December 2025. A total of 120 participantswere enrolled and randomized equally into two groups. Maternal core temperature trends,incidence of hypothermia, shivering, thermal comfort, and neonatal outcomes wereanalyzed.