Effect of an integrated-Weight Management Programme on body weight among noncommunicable disease patients in Malaysian government primary care clinics.

INTERVENTION: The newly developed intervention programme named integrated‐Weight Management Programme (i‐WMP). Behaviour change wheel was used as the theoretical framework to develop the i‐WMP, drawing on the behaviour change techniques. It consisted of dietary advice, physical activity, and behavioural intervention. There was a total of 10 units were included in this programme, as the following: Session 1: Unit 1: What is overweight and obesity? Unit 2: How light am i today? Unit 3: What is my goal? Unit 4: How to eat and drink healthily? Session 2: Unit 5: Walking and brisk walking! Unit 6: Healthy eating and active moving daily plan! Session 3: Unit 7: Did I achieve my goal? Unit 8: Healthy snacking: fibre! Unit 9: 0 Challenge! Unit 10: Healthy eating and active moving daily plan! The i‐WMP promoted behaviour change (healthy eating and active moving) on noncommunicable disease patients' existing lifestyle. Hence, it aimed to reduce their body weight healthily as the primary outcome. The secondary outcomes in this trial including improvement of: body mass index; waist circumference; waist‐to‐height ratio; body fat percentage; knowledge, attitude, and practice towards dietary and physical activity; total physical activity MET‐minutes/week and sitting time. Both primary and secondary outcomes were assessed at three different time points: baseline (week 0), immediate post‐intervention (week 4), and three months (week 12). The participants from intervention group received three sessions of education programme. Session 1 and 2 were implemented at week 0 and Session 3 was implemented at week 4 by a researcher (Tan Siew Tin, PhD candidate in Public Health). Session 1 and 2 took a total of two hours and 25 minutes, while CONDITION: Cancer ‐ Any cancer Cardiovascular ‐ Hypertension Cardiovascular ‐ Other cardiovascular diseases Diet and Nutrition ‐ Obesity Metabolic and Endocrine ‐ Diabetes Metabolic and Endocrine ‐ Other metabolic disorders obesity;cardiovascular diseases;diabetes mellitus;hypertension;hyperlipidaemia;cancer;asthma; ; obesity ; cardiovascular diseases ; diabetes mellitus ; hypertension ; hyperlipidaemia ; cancer ; asthma Public Health ‐ Health promotion/education Respiratory ‐ Asthma PRIMARY OUTCOME: Body weight (kg) measured using Omron KaradaScan Body Composition Monitor HBF‐375.[Baseline (week 0), immediate post‐intervention (week 4), and three months (week 12).] SECONDARY OUTCOME: Attitude towards dietary score using the validated, pre‐tested, and self‐administered attitude towards dietary questionnaire. ; ; This questionnaire was adapted from Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) survey in the previous study (Heng, 2011).[Baseline (week 0), immediate post‐intervention (week 4), and three months (week 12).] Attitude towards physical activity score using the validated, pre‐tested, and self‐administered attitude towards physical activity questionnaire. ; ; This questionnaire was adapted from Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) survey in the previous study (Heng, 2011).[Baseline (week 0), immediate post‐intervention (week 4), and three months (week 12).] Body fat percentage measured using Omron KaradaScan Body Composition Monitor HBF‐375.[Baseline (week 0), immediate post‐intervention (week 4), and three months (week 12).] Body mass index (kg per square metre) using calculation [body weight (kg) divided by height twice (square metre)]. ; ; ; ; ; ; ; Note: ; Height (cm) measured using Seca 213 portable stadiometer. ; Waist circumference (cm) measured using Seca 201 ergonomic circumference measuring tape. ; ; [Baseline (week 0), immediate post‐intervention (week 4), and three months (week 12).] ; Note: Height (cm) measured using Seca 213 portable stadiometer. [Baseline (week 0), immediate post‐intervention (week 4), and three months (week 12).] Knowledge towards dietary score using the validated, pre‐tested, and self‐administered knowledge towards dietary questionnaire. ; This questionnaire was adapted from Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) survey in the previous study (Heng, 2011).[Baseline (week 0), immediate post‐intervention (week 4), and three months (week 12).] Knowledge towards physical activity score using the validated, pre‐tested, and self‐administered knowledge towards physical activity questionnaire. ; This questionnaire was adapted from Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) survey in the previous study (Heng, 2011).[Baseline (week 0), immediate post‐intervention (week 4), and three months (week 12).] Practice towards dietary score using the validated, pre‐tested, and self‐administered practice towards dietary questionnaire. ; This questionnaire was adapted from Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) survey in the previous study (Heng, 2011).[Baseline (week 0), immediate post‐intervention (week 4), and three months (week 12).] Practice towards physical activity score using the validated, pre‐tested, and self‐administered practice towards physical activity questionnaire. ; This questionnaire was adapted from Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) survey in the previous study (Heng, 2011).[Baseline (week 0), immediate post‐intervention (week 4), and three months (week 12).] Total physical activity MET‐minutes/week score using the validated, pre‐tested, and self‐administered International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form.[Baseline (week 0), immediate post‐intervention (week 4), and three months (week 12).] Total sitting time using the validated, pre‐tested, and self‐administered International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form.[Baseline (week 0), immediate post‐intervention (week 4), and three months (week 12).] Waist circumference (cm) measured using Seca 201 ergonomic circumference measuring tape. [Baseline (week 0), immediate post‐intervention (week 4), and three months (week 12).] Waist‐to‐height ratio using calculation [waist (cm) divided by height (cm)}. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Noncommunicable disease patients with cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, cancer, or asthma; aged 18 years old and above; body mass index of 25 kg per square metre and above. Participants must also give consent to participate this study.