The incidence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection among human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals in Shanghai and Yunnan Province

Objective To investigate the incidence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) infection among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals in Shanghai and Yunnan Province and to analyze the risk factors of TB infection.Methods Seventy HIV-infected individuals from Yunnan Province and 67 from Shanghai were enrolled.T-SPOT.TB was employed to detect TB-specific T cells in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in PBMC from the enrolled subjects were detected by flow cytometry.Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney test,Fisher's exact test and Logistic regression.Results The incidence of latent tuberculosis (LTB) infection among HIV-infected individuals in Yunnan Province was 64.3 ％ (45/70),which was much higher than Shanghai (20.8％ [14/ 67]).The median CD4+ T cell count of HIV-infected individuals with LTB infection in Yunnan Province was 509/μL,while that in Shanghai was 324/μL,which was significant different (U=148,P=0.003).The median CD4+ T cell count in HIV single infected individuals from Yunnan Province was 418/μL,which was not significantly different from that of H IV + LTB individuals from that area (U =378,P =0.120).Moreover,the median CD8+ T cell counts of HIV-infected individuals with latent tuberculosis infection in Yunnan Province and Shanghai were 409/μL and 781/μL,respectively (U=109,P＜0.01).Conclusions The incidence of LTB infection among HIV-infected individuals in Yunnan Province is significantly higher than Shanghai.CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts are correlated with TB infection among HIV-infected individuals.