The Impact of AI-Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment on Physicians' Potential Legal Liability: An Expert Perspective

The goal of this randomized vignette-based experiment is to investigate how AI-related contextual factors influence expert assessment of physician negligence in AI-assisted diagnosis and treatment scenarios among experts in medical malpractice assessment. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does physician acceptance or rejection of AI recommendations, compared with non-AI use, influence the likelihood of being assessed as negligent? Researchers will compare a no-AI assistance control group with four AI-assistance groups under different AI use conditions to examine how AI involvement and contextual factors affect assessments of physician negligence. Participants will: Complete a web-based questionnaire after eligibility confirmation. Evaluate a series of clinical vignettes describing adverse patient outcomes following physician decision-making under different AI-use conditions.