Combined Laser and Sclerotherapy for Venous Malformations Trial

INTERVENTION: Intervention group:Semiconductor laser combined with foam sclerotherapy;Control group:foam sclerotherapy; CONDITION: Vascular Malformation (VM) PRIMARY OUTCOME: Clinical Efficacy Rate; SECONDARY OUTCOME: Lesion volume reduction rate and recurrence rate; INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1.Age =18 and =70 years (inclusive), regardless of gender. 2.Diagnosis of comple Xtrunk/extremity venous malformations (VMs) with clinical indications for intervention: maximum lesion diameter > 5 cm, with or without pain or functional impairment (e.g., limited joint mobility). 3.Lesions located in the upper or lower extremities (including the buttock and scapular regions). 4.Provision of written informed consent and willingness to comply with scheduled follow‐up visits. 5.Anticipated survival > 24 months.