A study of vitamin D added to standard treatment for people with alopecia areata

INTERVENTION: Participants are randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to one of two parallel treatment groups. Randomisation was performed using a computer‐generated block randomisation sequence in a 1:1 ratio. Allocation concealment was achieved through a centralised electronic randomisation system, preventing foreknowledge of group assignment prior to enrolment. Intervention group: Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor therapy plus oral vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) supplementation administered according to the study protocol for 12 months. Control group: Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor therapy alone for 12 months, with identical clinical follow‐up and assessments. CONDITION: Alopecia areata (including alopecia totalis and alopecia universalis) ; Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases PRIMARY OUTCOME: Severity of alopecia measured using Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months SECONDARY OUTCOME: Quality of life measured using Dermatology Life Quality Inde X(DLQI) at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months Safety and treatment‐related adverse events measured using clinical assessment, adverse event reporting, and laboratory monitoring (CBC, liver function tests, lipid profile, calcium, and serum vitamin D). at throughout the 12‐month study period Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D level measured using nmol/L at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months Treatment adherence measured using patient adherence assessed by treatment compliance and follow‐up attendance at throughout the 12‐month study period INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. Adults aged 18 years or older 2. Clinical diagnosis of alopecia areata, alopecia totalis, or alopecia universalis 3. No treatment with Janus kinase inhibitors during the previous 6 months 4. Able and willing to provide informed consent and comply with all study visits and procedures