Clustered enteral nutrition management for patients undergoing radical surgery for oral cancer and free flap repair surgery

INTERVENTION: Control group:Conventional enteral nutrition care is employed, at a rate of 80 ml/h; after 3–4 days, this rate is gradually increased to 100 ml/h. In elderly patients, the rate is adjusted carefully depending on the tolerance of their gastrointestinal tract.;Intervention group:Based on guidelines for enteral nutrition, relevant literature, and medical recommendations, a bundled care plan is developed. Staged care: Depending on the patient’s condition, it can be divided into four phases – the unstable phase (5 days after surgery, during which the patient must lie flat without a pillow and with the head kept in a neutral position), the stable phase (after starting to move around), the safe phase (for functional exercises), and the recovery phase (for management at home).; CONDITION: Oral cancer PRIMARY OUTCOME: Gastroesophageal reflux rate; SECONDARY OUTCOME: Swallowing function rehabilitation rate;Patients' Subjective Perception (Satisfaction Degree);Incidence of vascular crisis;Length of hospital stay;Adverse events; INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. Age >=18 years and <=75 years. 2. Pathologically diagnosed as oral cavity malignancy. 3. Identified as having a risk of malnutrition using the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002). 4. Normal gastrointestinal function, inability to eat independently after surgery, and all meet the indications for enteral nutrition support, all receiving intervention via nasogastric tube feeding. 5. Enteral nutrition formulas include enteral nutrition suspension (TPF), enteral nutrition suspension (TPF‐DM), enteral nutrition emulsion (TPF‐D), enteral nutrition emulsion (TPF‐T), and intact protein enteral nutrition formula. 6. All patients and their families are informed of this study, voluntarily participate, and sign the informed consent form.