Comparison Effectiveness of Distractions on Pain and Fear of Children

Distraction is a non-pharmacological technique that moves focus away from anxiety, discomfort or unpleasant stimulation to more stimulating or friendly stimulation. Distraction is one of the most effective, simplest and inexpensive non-pharmacological pain management methods (Hockenberry \& Wilson, 2018). The benefits of using non-pharmacological methods include decreased pain, distress, and fear reported by the parent, child, and/or observer (Wente, 2013). There are two main types of distraction techniques: active and passive (Mutlu \& Balcı, 2015; Wohlheiter \& Dahlquist, 2013). Objectives: To evaluate the roles of the TICK-B, listening music, and watching cartoon, in relieving pain and fear of school-age children during PIVC. To compare the effect of TICK-B with the effects of the listening music, and watching cartoon, on reducing pain and fear during PIVC in children. To compare the effects of three distraction groups with the control group in relieving pain and fear during PIVC.