Brief Psycho-educational Intervention to Enhance Maternal Reflective Functioning in the Early Postpartum Among Primiparous: Pilot Study

This randomized pilot trial tests a brief psycho-educational group program designed to enhance maternal reflective functioning (RF)-the capacity to understand one\'s own and the baby\'s behavior in terms of thoughts and feelings-among first-time mothers in the early postpartum. Primiparous women aged ≥18 years, 1-5 months postpartum, were randomized 1:1 to the intervention or a wait-list control. The intervention consists of four weekly 90-minute Zoom sessions with short home practices. The primary outcome is interview-based RF assessed with the FMSS-RF (blind-coded) at post-intervention. Exploratory outcomes include self-reported RF (PRFQ-CMS), depressive symptoms (EPDS), emotion-regulation (ERQ-Suppression), and feasibility/acceptability indices (recruitment, retention, attendance, satisfaction). This single-site study is conducted at the University of Haifa (Faculty of Education). If effective, the low-intensity, telehealth format may offer a scalable postpartum support option for first-time mothers.