A systematic review of outcomes of remote consultation in ENT.

AIMS: Remote- or tele-consultation has become an emerging modality of consultation in many specialities, including ENT. Advantages include increasing accessibility, potential to reduce costs and, during the COVID-19 pandemic, reduced risk of infection transmission. Here we systematically collate and synthesise the evidence-base on outcomes from remote consultation in adult and paediatric ENT services. METHODS: We performed a review in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. We searched Medline and Embase for relevant articles. Outcomes include specific patient pathway efficiency measures (including number of healthcare visits, lead time, touch time and hand-off), patient/clinician satisfaction, cost-analysis, and safety implications. RESULTS: From 6325 articles screened, 53 met inclusion criteria. Publications included studies on remote consultation for initial, pre-operative and follow-up assessment (including post-operative). In most instances remote consultation reduced costs and time from referral to assessment and was associated with high patient satisfaction. However, a face-to-face follow up appointment was required in 13-72% of initial consultations, suggesting that remote consultation is only appropriate in selected cases. CONCLUSION: Remote consultation is appropriate and preferable for ENT consultation in specific conditions and circumstances. Future research should look to better define those conditions and circumstances, and report using recognised quality standards and outcome measures.