The health-related quality of life of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: We need to know about the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) to assess their health outcomes. Quantitative studies have discussed whether patients with Type 1 DM (T1DM) have better HRQoL than those with Type 2 DM (T2DM) or vice versa. However, no meta-analyses have addressed the HRQoL of patients with T1DM and T2DM together. Therefore, the primary objective of this meta-analysis was to investigate the HRQoL of patients with T1DM and T2DM. The secondary objective of this meta-analysis was to use various scales to assess the HRQoL of patients with T1DM and T2DM. METHODS: The inclusion criteria were (1) study participants were diagnosed with T1DM and T2DM and were aged 18 years or older, (2) outcome measure was HRQoL as assessed by appropriate instruments, (3) study written in the English language, (4) research articles using quantitative research methods, (5) study with full-text access, and (6) study reporting the necessary statistics to calculate the effect size. Cohen's d was used to calculate effect sizes, while the random effect model was used to calculate the joint effect size. RESULTS: The sample consisted of seven articles, which recruited a total of 4.896 patients with DM. Patients with T1DM and T2DM had similar HRQoL. According to the EQ-5D-5L, patients with T1DM had a higher HRQoL than those with T2DM. According to the EQ-5D-VAS and SF-36, patients with T1DM and T2DM had similar HRQoL. The Egger's regression analysis indicated no publication bias. CONCLUSION: Our results are sample-specific and cannot be generalized to all patients with DM. Therefore, more research is warranted on this topic.