The influence of bifidobacteria on the composition of breast milk and the relationship between bifidobacteria and the incidence of allergic diseases in breast-fed infants

Objective To observe the effect of Bifidobacterium on breast milk components and its relationship with the onset of allergic diseases in infants by supplementing probiotic Bifidobacterium to pregnant and lactating mothers. Methods Pregnant women with informed consent were selected and oral administration of Bifidobacterium began at 36 weeks of pregnancy , continue to take it after delivery until the end of breastfeeding, and choose the control group to take oral placebo, and take colostrum and mature milk to test cytokines and immunoglobulins (IgA, sIgA, TGF-β1, TGF-β2, IL-10, sCD14) ; Infants were followed up to 2 years of age to identify eczema and other allergic diseases. Results: The levels of TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 in the colostrum of pregnant women who took Bifidobacterium orally were lower than those in the control group, and the level of IL-10 was higher than that in the control group. sCD14 was higher than that of the control group. The children of pregnant women with low levels of TGF-β in breast milk had a lower rate of allergic diseases within 2 years of age. Oral administration of Bifidobacterium had no effect on the levels of IgA and sIgA in breast milk. Conclusion Oral administration of Bifidobacteria in late pregnancy and lactation Fibrobacterium can reduce the levels of TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 in breast milk. The reduced levels of the latter two in breast milk are related to the low sensitivity of breastfed infants.